新疆农业大学学报

对库尔勒市32份梨种质资源的果实品质进行综合评价，以期为新品种选育提供优质种质资源，丰富新疆梨品种结构。以32份梨种质资源为研究对象（库尔勒香梨Pyrus×sinkiangensis Yü为对照），于果实成熟期，对其外观表型进行分析判别、对其果实品质进行测定，采用单因素方差分析、变异系数分析、相关性分析及主成分综合评价等方法，构建综合评价模型，计算果实品质综合得分并排序。结果表明，18个果实品质数量性状变异系数为3.14%～74.42%，其中石细胞含量变异程度最大（74.42%），而含水量变异程度最小（3.14%）。32份梨种质资源果实品质各指标间存在不同程度的相关性。主成分分析共提取5个主成分，累计贡献率为74.59%。通过主成分分析法对不同种质果实品质进行评价，果实品质综合得分高于库尔勒香梨的分别有种质14-74、12-79和14-54。综上，32份梨种质资源表型丰富，种质14-74、12-79、14-54果实品质综合表现较优于库尔勒香梨，可作为优质梨种质资源进行进一步推广。

The fruit quality of 32 pear germplasm resources from Korla City was comprehensively evaluated,with the aim of providing high-quality germplasm resources for new variety breeding and enriching the pear cultivar structure in Xinjiang. Thirty-two pear germplasm resources were used as the study subjects(with Korla fragrant pear as the control). During the fruit maturity period,their external phenotypes were analyzed and identified,and their fruit quality was measured. Methods such as single factor analysis of variance,coefficient of variation analysis,correlation analysis,and principal component comprehensive evaluation were employed. A comprehensive evaluation model was constructed,and the comprehensive scores of fruit quality were calculated and ranked. The coefficients of variation for the 18 quantitative traits of fruit quality ranged from 3. 14% to 74. 42%.The stone cell content was found to have the greatest variation(74. 42%),while the water content exhibited the smallest variation(3. 14%). Correlations of varying degrees were observed among the fruit quality indicators of the 32 pear germplasm resources. Five principal components were extracted through principal component analysis,with a cumulative contribution rate of 74. 59%. The fruit quality of different germplasms was evaluated using principal component analysis,and germplasms 14-74,12-79,and 14-54 were identified as having comprehensive scores higher than that of Korla fragrant pear. The 32 pear germplasm resources exhibited rich phenotypic diversity,germplasms 14-74,12-79,and 14-54 were identified as the top performers in comprehensive fruit quality and are hereby designated as premium genetic resources for extended propagation.