新疆农业大学学报

本研究旨在通过主成分分析从多项精液品质指标中提取主要指标，并通过聚类分析对性状指标进行分类，建立精液品质评估模型，为伊犁鹅的种质资源开发奠定基础，以111只健康状况良好的3岁伊犁鹅公鹅为研究对象，对精液量、精液pH值、精子活力等6项精液品质指标进行分析，并利用聚类分析和主成分分析对精液品质进行关键指标筛选与综合评价。结果表明，伊犁鹅精液品质个体差异大，变异系数范围为2.72%～90.66%，其中精子密度、精液量和精子畸形率的变异系数最大，具有较大的选择与提高潜力。主成分分析提取了4个主成分，其累积方差贡献率为84.17%,4个主成分中贡献率最大的指标分别为精子活率、精子活力、精液pH值、精液量和精子密度，根据主成分分析结果构建精液品质的综合评分模型，发现个体的精液品质与其模型评估的结果基本一致。聚类分析显示，伊犁鹅精液品质性状可聚为4类，与主成分结果一致。综上所述，在后续伊犁鹅选育过程中，应重视其精子活率、精子活力和精子密度的选择，从而提高伊犁鹅公鹅繁殖力。

The objective of this study was to identify the key indicators from multiple semen quality traits using principal component analysis,to categorize the trait indicators by cluster analysis,and to develop a semen quality evaluation model,which could provide a basis for the utilization of germplasm resources in the Yili geese.A total of 116 healthy three-year-old Yili geese ganders were used as research subjects. Six semen quality indicators were measured and analyzed,including semen volume,semen pH,sperm motility,were measured,and cluster analysis together with principal component analysis was employed to screen key indicators and perform a comprehensive evaluation of semen quality. The results showed large individual differences in the semen quality of Yili geese,with coefficients of variation ranging from 2. 72% to 90. 66%. Sperm density,semen volume,and sperm deformity rate exhibited the highest coefficients of variation,indicating considerable potential for selection and improvement. Principal component analysis extracted four principal components,with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 84. 17%. The indicators with the highest contribution rates in the four components were sperm motility rate,sperm vitality,semen pH,semen volume,and sperm density. Based on the principal component analysis results,a comprehensive scoring model for semen quality was constructed. It was found that the semen quality of individuals was largely consistent with the model evaluation results,meaning that higher model scores corresponded to better semen quality. Cluster analysis revealed that the semen quality traits of Yili geese could be grouped into four clusters,which was consistent with the principal component analysis results. In conclusion,during the subsequent breeding process of Yili geese,emasis should be placed on the selection of sperm motility rate,sperm vitality,and sperm density to enhance the reproductive performance of Yili geese ganders.